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• What are salts?
  ...e (NO₃^-, that are held together by ionic bonds. They are crystalline materials.<br> == The formation of salts ==
  4 KB (561 words) - 13:16, 14 August 2012

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• Fundamentals
  ...is crucial for applying effective remediation measures. The origin of the salts is fundamental as this is the basis for devising appropriate measures to co *[[Salts/Salt Mixtures]]
  982 bytes (130 words) - 12:50, 29 December 2013
• Salt conversion
  ...gree of crystallization cycles. The second one transforms the less soluble salts into far more soluble ones in order to remove them more easily. == [[Removal of salts by salt conversion]] ==
  3 KB (388 words) - 10:44, 20 September 2013
• What are salts?
  ...e (NO₃^-, that are held together by ionic bonds. They are crystalline materials.<br> == The formation of salts ==
  4 KB (561 words) - 13:16, 14 August 2012
• Nitrate
  == Nitrate salts == ...and their deterioration potential is discussed and the weathering patterns are illustrated on separate pages.
  1,009 bytes (123 words) - 15:50, 28 January 2015
• Methods
  ...t contamination and to take appropriate measures, intensive investigations are necessary. This includes not only studies to determine the salt type and sa ...indings. Experimental methods that help elucidate the mechanisms of damage are explained. Further this chapter deals with monitoring procedures to verify
  2 KB (239 words) - 16:07, 26 March 2012
• Origin of Salts
  *[[Salts in building substrate and subsoils]] *[[Road salts - deicing salt]]
  5 KB (754 words) - 14:57, 17 November 2022
• Salt Data
  ...graphics and images for the identification and characterization of a salt are presented. == The Salts ==
  5 KB (773 words) - 21:04, 11 November 2017
• Salts of microbiological origin
  <br> back to [[Origin of Salts]] ...organic and inorganic acids. On Objects, they can transform into damaging salts.
  2 KB (269 words) - 08:38, 2 December 2012
• Architectural Ceramics
  Typical deterioration patterns for architectural ceramics are discussed and explained. ...or cracks) allowing moisture transport through it. And therefore, if salts are present, they will crystallize around these fissures as well as below the g
  3 KB (358 words) - 09:48, 20 September 2013
• Carbonate
  ...ccurrence and damage potential is explained and the deterioration patterns are illustrated and referenced. <br>
  943 bytes (116 words) - 22:04, 17 December 2013
• Micro-chemical test for carbonate
  ===Solubility and pH of carbonate salts === Ca and Mg carbonates, unless under in a hydrated phase, are hardly soluble in water.
  2 KB (385 words) - 10:38, 20 September 2013
• Organic Salts
  The most frequently occurring salts with anions of organic acids are listed and the most relevant information, especially for their identificati ...nce and their damage potential is explained and the deterioration patterns are there illustrated. <br>
  1 KB (128 words) - 12:50, 29 December 2013
• Wall Paintings
  ...for evaporation and salt accumulation. Owing to the ubiquitous presence of salts worldwide, this type of damage is one of the most widespread and commonly e ...material composition, but also the environmental conditions to which they are exposed. In the case of artworks located within
  5 KB (717 words) - 13:12, 28 August 2023
• Analysis of Salts
  .... The fundamental principle of each method, its application and advantages are briefly outlined. ...s in particular the study of the birefringence and light refraction of the salts. The polarizing microscope differs from a regular microscope in that it has
  2 KB (255 words) - 16:12, 17 December 2013
• Sulfate
  ...oration action is discussed. Illustrations of their deterioration patterns are found in the Deterioration Pattern section and in some of the case studies.
  1 KB (137 words) - 15:49, 28 January 2015
• Chloride
  ...ently found on buildings and monuments are listed. The various salt phases are discussed in detail on separate pages, where their occurrence and deteriora
  999 bytes (122 words) - 13:12, 4 November 2016
• Documentation-Sampling
  ...irectly on whether the sample is representative of the object. The samples are taken to allow answering a specific question, not to carry out an analysis. ...al, vertical or depth profiles to capture the distribution of the damaging salts so as to be able to plan appropriate conservation measures.
  3 KB (511 words) - 13:46, 14 August 2012
• Damage processes
  back to [[Salts/Salt mixtures]] Salts play a key role in the weathering of porous building materials. Salt damage
  7 KB (1,097 words) - 18:55, 25 July 2015
• Salt crystallization in the crypt of St.Maria im Kapitol (St. Mary's in the Capitol) in Cologne
  == Salts and indoor air climate in the crypt == ...]] [CaSO₄.2H₂O]. The crystallization behavior of the salts was investigated on reference areas and in combination with measurements of
  5 KB (693 words) - 09:54, 10 January 2015
• Preliminary Investigations
  ...rwent, referred to as anamnesis. Potential sources of documentary evidence are: owners (over the years), archives (city, council, county, state, church), *Examination of efflorescence (crystallized salts) with a magnifying lens.
  4 KB (568 words) - 13:12, 28 August 2023