Thecotrichite: Difference between revisions
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|Phase_Transition = | |Phase_Transition = | ||
|chemBehavior = | |chemBehavior = | ||
|Comments =found on calcareous museum objects<!--<nowiki>*</nowiki> <bib id=Halsberghe.etal | |Comments =found on calcareous museum objects<!--<nowiki>*</nowiki> <bib id="Halsberghe.etal"/><br>--> | ||
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back to [[Organic Salts]] | back to [[Organic Salts]] | ||
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== '''Phase diagram of the quaternary system Ca(CH'''<sub>'''3'''</sub>'''COO)'''<sub>'''2'''</sub>'''–CaCl'''<sub>'''2'''</sub>'''–Ca(NO'''<sub>'''3'''</sub>''')'''<sub>'''2'''</sub>'''–H'''<sub>'''2'''</sub>'''O''' == | |||
[[File:Phasendiagramm_Thecotrichit_25GradC.jpg|thumb|400px|The number of the stability fields refer to a salt phase, which is in equilibrium with the saturated solutions of a stability field, as follows:<br/> | |||
(1) CaCl<sub>2</sub> • 6H<sub>2</sub>O, (2) CaCl<sub>2</sub> • 4H<sub>2</sub>O, (3) CaCl(NO<sub>3</sub>) • 2H<sub>2</sub>O, (4) Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> • 3H<sub>2</sub>O, (5) Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> • 4H<sub>2</sub>O, (6) Ca<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>3</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>) • 2H<sub>2</sub>O, (7) Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub> • H<sub>2</sub>O, (8) Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)Cl • 5H<sub>2</sub>O, (9) Ca<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>3</sub>Cl(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> • 7H<sub>2</sub>O.<br/> | |||
Point T in the phase diagram represents the composition of the triple salt thecotrichite | |||
(Ca<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>3</sub>Cl(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> • 7H<sub>2</sub>O).]] | |||
The isothermal phase diagram of the quaternary system Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>–CaCl<sub>2</sub>–Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O (25°C) <bib id="Linnow:2007"/> is shown as Jännecke projection for the anhydrous level. All solution compositions are given as '''molar ratios''' of Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>, CaCl<sub>2 </sub>and Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. | |||
The corners of the triangle represent the three pure salts, the sides represent the three ternary systems Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>–CaCl<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O, Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>–Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O and CaCl<sub>2</sub>–Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub> while the inner surface represents all solution compositions where the three salts are involved. | |||
The inner lines delimit the stability fields of a given salt phase. The stability fields represent all solution compositions, which are saturated with respect to only a single salt phase. The univariant lines represent the solution compositions where two salt phases are in equilibrium with the solution. | |||
According to Gibbs’ phase rule in the quaternary system a maximum of three different salt phases can coexist in solution equilibrium. It follows that for each possible combination of three salt phases in the solid phase, only one saturated solution composition is possible. These solution combinations are represented by intersections of the univariant lines. | |||
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== Vorkommen von Thecotrichite<br> == | |||
<br> | |||
== <br> Angaben zu Herkunft und Bildung von Thecotrichite an Objekten<br> == | |||
= Angaben zum Schadenspotential und zur Verwitterungsaktivitätvon Thecotrichite<br> = | |||
== Lösungsverhalten == | |||
== Hygroskopizität == | |||
<br> | |||
== Kristallisationsdruck == | |||
== Umwandlungsreaktionen<br> == | |||
= Analytischer Nachweis = | |||
== Mikroskopie<br> == | |||
'''Laboruntersuchung:''' | |||
'''Brechungsindizes:''' <br>'''Doppelbrechung''': Δ =<br>'''Kristallklass'''e: <br> | |||
<br> '''Polarisationsmikroskopische Untersuchung:'''<br> <br> <br>'''Verwechslungsmöglichkeiten:'''<br> <br> | |||
{| width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="2" | |||
|- | |||
| '''Salzphase''' | |||
| <font color="#818181">'''Unterscheidungsmerkmale zu Thecotrichite'''</font> | |||
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| <br> | |||
| <br> | |||
|- | |||
| <sub></sub> <br> | |||
| <br> | |||
|} | |||
== Röntgendiffraktometrie == | |||
== Raman-Spektroskopie == | |||
== DTA / TG == | |||
== IR-Spektroskopie == | |||
= Umgang mit Thecotrichiteschäden = | |||
= Salze und Salzschäden im Bild = | |||
== Am Objekt == | |||
== Unter dem Polarisationsmikrokop == | |||
== Unter dem Rasterelektronenmikroskop ==--> | |||
== Weblinks<br> == | |||
<references/> | |||
== Literature == | |||
<biblist/> | |||
[[Category:Thecotrichite]][[Category:Acetate]][[Category:Salt]][[Category:InProgress]][[category:Organic_Salts]] | [[Category:Thecotrichite]][[Category:Acetate]][[Category:Salt]][[Category:InProgress]][[category:Organic_Salts]] | ||
==Weblinks== | ==Weblinks== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 15:35, 27 June 2012
| Thecotrichite | |
| |
| Mineralogical name | Thecotrichite |
| Chemical name | Tricalciumtriacetatchloriddinitrate heptahydrate |
| Trivial name | |
| Chemical formula | Ca3(CH3COO)3Cl(NO3)2•7H2O |
| Other forms | |
| Crystal system | |
| Crystal structure | |
| Deliquescence humidity 20°C | 85% (20°C) [1] |
| Solubility (g/l) at 20°C | |
| Density (g/cm³) | |
| Molar volume | |
| Molar weight | |
| Transparency | |
| Cleavage | |
| Crystal habit | |
| Twinning | |
| Phase transition | |
| Chemical behavior | |
| Comments | found on calcareous museum objects |
| Crystal Optics | |
| Refractive Indices | nx = 1.491 ± 0.001 nz = 1.494 ± 0.003 |
| Birefringence | |
| Optical Orientation | |
| Pleochroism | |
| Dispersion | |
| Used Literature | |
| {{{Literature}}} | |
back to Organic Salts
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Phase diagram of the quaternary system Ca(CH3COO)2–CaCl2–Ca(NO3)2–H2O[edit]
The number of the stability fields refer to a salt phase, which is in equilibrium with the saturated solutions of a stability field, as follows:
(1) CaCl2 • 6H2O, (2) CaCl2 • 4H2O, (3) CaCl(NO3) • 2H2O, (4) Ca(NO3)2 • 3H2O, (5) Ca(NO3)2 • 4H2O, (6) Ca2(CH3COO)3(NO3) • 2H2O, (7) Ca(CH3COO)2 • H2O, (8) Ca(CH3COO)Cl • 5H2O, (9) Ca3(CH3COO)3Cl(NO3)2 • 7H2O.
Point T in the phase diagram represents the composition of the triple salt thecotrichite (Ca3(CH3COO)3Cl(NO3)2 • 7H2O).
(1) CaCl2 • 6H2O, (2) CaCl2 • 4H2O, (3) CaCl(NO3) • 2H2O, (4) Ca(NO3)2 • 3H2O, (5) Ca(NO3)2 • 4H2O, (6) Ca2(CH3COO)3(NO3) • 2H2O, (7) Ca(CH3COO)2 • H2O, (8) Ca(CH3COO)Cl • 5H2O, (9) Ca3(CH3COO)3Cl(NO3)2 • 7H2O.
Point T in the phase diagram represents the composition of the triple salt thecotrichite (Ca3(CH3COO)3Cl(NO3)2 • 7H2O).
The isothermal phase diagram of the quaternary system Ca(CH3COO)2–CaCl2–Ca(NO3)2–H2O (25°C) [Linnow:2007]Title: Salt damage in porous materials: An RH XRD investigation
Author: Linnow, Kirsten
is shown as Jännecke projection for the anhydrous level. All solution compositions are given as molar ratios of Ca(CH3COO)2, CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2.
The corners of the triangle represent the three pure salts, the sides represent the three ternary systems Ca(CH3COO)2–CaCl2–H2O, Ca(CH3COO)2–Ca(NO3)2–H2O and CaCl2–Ca(NO3)2–H2 while the inner surface represents all solution compositions where the three salts are involved.
The inner lines delimit the stability fields of a given salt phase. The stability fields represent all solution compositions, which are saturated with respect to only a single salt phase. The univariant lines represent the solution compositions where two salt phases are in equilibrium with the solution.
According to Gibbs’ phase rule in the quaternary system a maximum of three different salt phases can coexist in solution equilibrium. It follows that for each possible combination of three salt phases in the solid phase, only one saturated solution composition is possible. These solution combinations are represented by intersections of the univariant lines.
Weblinks
[edit]
Literature[edit]
| [Linnow:2007] | Linnow, Kirsten (2007): Salt damage in porous materials: An RH XRD investigation. Dissertation, Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Url | |